The Power of the Internet in China Citizen Activism Online

How does Shakespeare portray women in Macbeth Essay Example

How does Shakespeare portray women in Macbeth Essay Example How does Shakespeare portray women in Macbeth Paper How does Shakespeare portray women in Macbeth Paper Essay Topic: Macbeth This essay will observe and study William Shakespeares portrayal of women in Macbeth. In this essay I shall look at various scenes from the play Macbeth and use quotes to back up my evidence. This shall be neatly presented in a word document, and I hope to answer the question, How does Shakespeare portray women in Macbeth? Act 1 Scene 7 In Act 1 Scene 7 Shakespeare displays Lady Macbeth as a woman who is extremely cruel and heartless. I have given suck, and know How tender tis to love the babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have pluckd my nipple from his boneless gums,And dashd the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done to this. (1.7.54-59) In this scene Macbeth is having second thoughts about killing King Duncan and confronts his wife about it, and she harshly ridicules him and calls him such things as a coward and that he is not a real man if he does not kill the King, and that she is more of a man than he is. And she explains to her husband that she would murder her own baby, whilst breast feeding which is one of the most special things a mother can have with her child as it is a type of bonding, and she explains that she would murder her on baby whilst feeding it. She does this to push Macbeth into killing the King even though he which to do it. Was the hope drunk / Wherein you dressd yourself? Hath it slept since? (1.7.35-36). I think that Shakespeare does this to really show how much Lady Macbeth wants to be queen, and how eager she is and that she is prepared to not have a conscience in doing so. Act 2 Scene 2 This scene is a bit more complicated than the one before, as Shakespeare depicts Lady Macbeth as a woman with mixed emotions She says to herself, I laid their daggers ready; He could not miss em. Had he not resembled My father as he slept, I had donet (2.2.11-13). From this quote Lady Macbeth feels sympathy for Duncan and for her father as although she is recently portrayed to have a hard outer shell she seems rather affectionate for her father and she is not able to go through with killing Duncan herself. This shows you that Lady Macbeth may not be as evil as some may think. But then again after Macbeth has killed Duncan in his sleep Lady Macbeth seems to have a change of heart, My hands are of your colour; but I shame / To wear a heart so white (2.2.61-62). Macbeth has just explained how his hands are red even though they are perfectly clean, and Lady Macbeth then says to herself that her hands are red also since she has been smearing Duncans blood over his guards, but that she would be ashamed to have a heart like Macbeths a heart so white because it makes him a coward in her eyes. Unlike the example before this describes Lady Macbeth once again as a callous woman. I think that Shakespeare has represented her like this to show that she has two sides to her and that she is not always acting evil, I think that he wanted people to see her sensitive side and that in some ways she can be caring. Act 3 Scene 4 In this scene we do not see much of Lady Macbeth, but when we do it is again a bit complicated, as she is shown to have varied sentiments as when Macbeth sees the ghost and is making a scene again she challenges him manhood and asks him an insulting question, Are you a man? (3.4.57). this doesnt only show her as a bit of a bully but also it shows her darker side again because her husband is clearly not well and is having a bit of a fit, but all that she cares about is that the guests dont get suspicious and start asking questions, instead of thinking about her husbands well being. In this example Lady Macbeth is not in the driving seat as she always generally is, as Macbeth is making a commotion, and she cannot do anything to help it and he is not listening to what she tells him. She doesnt seem to be able to manipulate him as she normally does and she is as much of a spectator as everyone else in this occasion. pray you, speak not; he grows worse and worse; Question enrages him. At once, good night: Stand not upon the order of your going, But go at once. (3.4.127-130). In my opinion I think that Shakespeare has done this so that to show that she is not always in control of Macbeth because whilst he was making a scene she could not control him, and every time she gave him a tongue-lashing he still managed to carry on to disobey her wishes for him to remain normal. And every time he seemed to be talking to himself Lady Macbeth grew very anxious and worried and she was not in control of the situation as we know she likes to be in, and in the end she had to get everyone to leave. Act 5 Scene 1 In this scene Lady Macbeth cannot get the thoughts of killing Duncan out of her head and she seems to be feeling guilty. Out, damned spot! out, I say!One: two: why, then, tis time to dot.Hell is murky!Fie, my lord, fie! a soldier, and afeard? What need we fear who knows it, when none can call our power to account?Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him. (5.1.35-40). Lady Macbeth is continuously washing her hands as she cannot seem to get a drip or a spot as she says it of Duncans blood off of her hands. She then carrys on to say that once they were King and Queen that it would not matter who found out that they had killed Duncan as they were too much of a higher-power, and they could not be challenged. She says who would of thought the old man had so much blood, since she can still see it there on her hands and it prompts her of her guilt. Heres the smell of the blood still: all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. Oh, oh, oh! (5.1.50-52). She describes that the smell of blood is still on her hands, and no perfumes of Arabia would not sweeten her hand, by this she means that her hand shall always remain dirty with that spot of blood, and that she shall forever feel guilty because of it. In my eyes I think that Shakespeare has done this to show that even though Lady Macbeth walks with a hard outer shell and that she acts as if she does not feel guilty, and that she is more of a man than Macbeth, she suddenly realises that what they did was murder and as a result she cannot sleep and she is filled to the bone with guilt. I think that Shakespeare has done this to show that she is not always as hard as we assume she is, and that even though she has said some atrocious things she still has feelings of sorrow for the crime that her and Macbeth commited. Act 1 Scene 1 In act 1 scene 1 Shakespeare portrays the witches as very strange and weird, In the play, the characters are stirred about by forces that they have no power over and this is the same for the first scene. The witches who are propelled by the storms of nature and war ask each other, When shall we three meet again? / In thunder, lightning, or in rain? (1.1.1-2). As the scene comes to an end and the witches depart they all vocalize, Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air (1.1.11-12). Because witches at that time were seen as creatures of the devil, they enjoy things that is foul and detest things that are fair, they say this so they can do their bid to create evil and mayhem. I think that Shakespeare does this because he wants to show that the witches arent human and that theyre evil and bizarre, so that you get a good picture of what theyre like. Act 1 Scene 3 In this next scene the witches meet with Banquo and Macbeth after they have returned from combat. All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee, thane of Glamis! All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter! (1.3.49-51). The witches have just prophesised that Macbeth shall be crowned thane of Cawdor and then he shall be king, the witches are seen as weird and wicked by Banquo and Macbeth as they are not human and they can see into the future. This is another example of how the witches are portrayed as iniquitous, Her husbands to Aleppo gone, master o the Tiger: But in a sieve Ill thither sail, And, like a rat without a tail, Ill do, Ill do, and Ill do.(1.3.9-12). At the start of the scene one of the witches enquires were the other has been and she replies that a womans husband has been out at sea, and that she had him die at sea. This again shows the evil and malicious side of the witches. Again I think that Shakespeare has exposed the witches a s malevolent as they enjoy doing wicked things for example killing innocent people, and so forth. And because the witches are prophesising the future it is showing them as evil and eerie, as it is not normal. This essay has shown me and you, the audience, how Shakespeare renders women in Macbeth. In this essay I have shown a variation of different portrayals of women in the play, and how Shakespeare sees them more importantly. In my opinion, I think that Shakespeare finds women maybe not so focal, as out of all the characters in the play there are only two key ones which are Lady Macbeth, and the witches. Also he seems to not find many good aspects for the women in the play as they are both seen to be quite spiteful and cruel.

Iran Mideasts Model Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Iran Mideasts Model Economy - Essay Example However the uniqueness of emerging markets presents both opportunities and challenges. Iran from the facts found in the case study may be strategically treated as an emerging market presenting new opportunities as well as challenges. The foremost challenge Iran faces is the trade sanctions from the United States that has hampered the inflow of foreign direct investments in to the country. If the country can solve its political and economic problems the country would be able to equal the economic growth of China in a very short time. The results of the last Parliament elections though disqualified the reformist candidates still a number of business minded focused on economic issues have been elected. However the progress in the economic reforms cannot be expected to take place at a faster pace. There are numerous challenges the country has to pace on the economic front. The amount of subsidies the government has to shell out on almost all the imported products from wheat till the impo rted fuel. The exports of non-oil products are very meager. Most of the manufacturing pants run in losses. The control of more than 50 percent of the economic activity is in the hands of various government departments and religious charities.

Characters analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Characters analysis - Essay Example r to each individual character: Antigone is clearly an agent of the gods and aligned with them for following their portents, while Creon is a person who wantonly rejects both of these important principles. The truth of the matter, is, however, a bit more subtle. A careful examination of the Thebian plays shows that Antigone and Creon are in fact equally concerned with the will of the gods on a theoretical front; Antigone, however, has no more concerns than this theory, while Creon must manage pragmatic issues with running a city. The first-glance analysis of these two characters and their priorities seems to indicate that Antigone and Creon are the antithesis of each other in the realm of honor and duty. Despite the fact that god’s will certainly seems to be that Eteocles should be buried despite his role on the losing side of the Theban civil war (Sophocles 34), Creon stays adamant in his displeasure with the dead man, and insists that he not be buried with any rights. Antigone bravely goes ahead with attempts at burial, showing that she respects the honor of the dead more than Creon does. Antigone is good – Creon is not. This, however, represents a somewhat simplistic analysis of the text. Antigone certainly is willing to do the ‘right thing’ her interests align with those of the gods, and she is willing to follow them through. She also uses the word â€Å"honor† frequently, along with many calls to the importance of family, all things that Creon should value (Sophocles 23). Antigone is clearly in the right in many ways, and is a brave woman for being able to stand up for what is right. Creon, however, does not disagree with Antigone on the theoretical principles, such as respecting family and honoring the gods. He clearly puts a great deal of effort into educating his son, and cares deeply for his son’s wellbeing. He even spends a great deal of time exhorting his son to behave as the gods would have him, and to generally be a godly

The marketing strategies of louis vuitton Research Paper

The marketing strategies of louis vuitton - Research Paper Example In addition, the motivation of its employees can be considered a marketing strategy of this company because of the fact that these employees provide such great services to the customers that the latter are encouraged to return to the Vuitton stores (Christensen et al 38). The management at Louis Vuitton has created a relaxed environment and it is a fact that most of the time, the managers are indistinguishable from the other employees because they do not simply give orders to their subordinates, but they also accept feedback from them and are ready to get alternatives to their decisions. This helps to show that although they have managers, the employee teams at Louis Vuitton are obviously in their later stages of development and are very comfortable outside their predefined roles, displaying high levels of motivation. The management has come to the realization that any attempt to put any verbal barriers between themselves and their employees ensures that employees have the freedom to interact with the customers so that they can efficiently serve them. The marketing of the Louis Vuitton products is not only being done at a local level, its marketing campaigns are also conducted at a regional, national, and international level. This has been found to be the best way to ensure that these products reach a wider audience than they would normally have if marketing were done at only the local level. The professionalism of the marketing staff at Louis Vuitton has enabled it to compete against other organizations effectively attempting to market similar products and in fact, it has developed an edge over them in the market. Louis Vuitton always aims at being the best in the marketing of its products so that the relatively low level of its competitors in the marketing business has worked towards showing that this company has the top quality of work that is done within it. The marketing of the Louis Vuitton products tends to be done using all the media available, both vis ual and print, to ensure that a much wider audience is reached than anticipated (Wang and Lin 401). This has worked towards guaranteeing the success of this company’s product within the market for a long time since the marketing strategy adopted has been one that retains the attention of its audience. One of the best means through which the Louis Vuitton products are marketed is online since there are billions of users of the internet who are often a ready audience. Because the internet is a leading tool in marketing, this is where most companies and other institutions go to when they need to acquire products for the use of their clients, and Louis Vuitton has not been left out of this marketing strategy. Marketing online has ensured that the clients of this company stay up to date with the current product so that they are able to get the best out of it. One of the marketing strategies that have been adopted by Louis Vuitton has been the use of customer relationship marketing

Nickel-mediated Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate

Nickel-mediated Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Abstract: The Ni(II) complexes [Ni(5-C5H3 R2)(X)(NHC)] 1a–f combined with MAO was tested in methylmethacrylate (MMA) polymerization. The complex 1f, bearing the bulky 2,6-diisopropenylphenyl substituents in the NHC ligand was found to be the most effective in the polymerization of MMA with TOF up to 200 h-1 resulting in a syndiotactic, high molecular weight PMMAs which can be explained by anionic, MAO-centered polymerization mechanism. Introduction: A great deal of attention is currently being paid to polymers containing polar monomers,  which may give rise to new high-performance materials with high adhesion and toughness and good dyeing and moisture adsorption properties.1 Metal-based catalysts tolerant of polar functionalities, which perform homopolymerization, and if possible copolymerization with nonpolar olefins, are being sought. Late transition metal complexes look promising because of their lower oxophilicity,2 and probable tolerance against polar monomers, and against impurities in polar olefins polymerization. Acrylates are polymerized and copolymerized for many different uses including coatings,  textiles, adhesives, and paper.3 Commercial poly(methyl methacrylate) has been produced since 1927.4 Like many other polar monomers, acrylates are commonly polymerized by 18radical5 or anionic mechanisms. In addition, polymerization of acrylates with late transition metal complexes has been studied.6 Metallocene  group IV complexes are known to be excellent for this type of polymerization. Half-sandwich nickel(II) complexes with N heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) of the general formula [Ni(5-C5H4R)(X)(NHC)] (R = H or alkyl, X= Cl, Br, I) was synthesized by reacting nickelocene or its derivatives and suitable imidazolium salts . The diamagnetic property of these compounds helps in showing some C-C bond forming reactions. But, complexes 1 are very active in aryl dehalogenation and aryl amination, hydrothiolation of alkynes and oxidation of secondary alcohols as a precatalyst. Experimental: Materials and synthesis: Methyl methacrylate (MMA) Methyl acrylate (MA), [Ni(acac)2], Toluene, Purified THF, and hexane 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylbut-3- enyl)cyclopentadiene complexes 1a–d and 1f [Ni(5-C5H5)(CH3CN)(IMes)]+(PF6)− [5] [Ni(5-C5H5)(Cl) (PPh3)] MAO (10% wt. solution in toluene) Synthesis of 1e: A hexane solution of n-BuLi (2.5 mL, 5.1 mmol) and a THF (5 mL) solution of  1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylbut-3-enyl) cyclopentadiene (4.83 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 2 h at ambient temperature. This solution was added to the solution of [Ni(acac)2] (1.199 g, 4.67 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at −78 oC. A color change immediately from green to red is observed and a suspension of 1,3-dimesitylimidazolinium chloride  [12] (1.693 g, 4.96 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was quickly added at this temperature. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to ambient temperature and stirred for a further 2 h. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The solid residue was extracted with hexane (20 mL) and filtered through Celite. Complex 1e was isolated by crystallization as a red, microcrystalline solid. Polymerization: 14mg of Complex 1f(0.0255 mmol) dissolved in 15ml of toluene in a schlenk tube with a magnetic stirrer in it. To this solution, MAO ((5.10 mL, 10% wt. in toluene, 7.65 mmol) which is red in color was added by a gas tight pipette which results in a brown solution. The obtained brown solution was stirred at ambient temperature for half an hour. Now MMA(2.72 mL, 0.0255 mol) was added and the apparatus is placed in a oil bath maintaining 50oC with vigorous stirring. The reaction mixture was now quenched with excess of CH3OH (200 mL) and then filtered. PMMA was collected by filteration and washed with CH3OH and kept for over night drying. The obtained polymer is purified with small volume of CHCl3 and stirred overnight with 10% aq. HCl. The organic and the aqueous phases are separated and the organic phase is poured into excess of CH3OH. A white solid PMMA was isolated by filteration. 2.4. Characterization NMR spectr at ambient temperature on a Mercury-400BB spectrometer operating at 400 MHz for 1H NMR was recorded and at 101 MHz for 13C NMR was recorded. EI (70 eV) mass spectra on an AMD-604 spectrometer was recorded. MALDI-TOF mass spectra w with a Bruker Daltonics ultrafleXtremeTM mass spectrometer using HABA matrix was recorded. The average molecular weights were measured on a LabAlliance liquid chromatograph equipped with a Jordi Gel DVB Mixed Bed column (250 mm Ãâ€" 10 m) using CH2Cl2 as the mobile phase at 30 à ¢- ¦C and calibrated with standard PMMAs. 2.5. Crystal structure determination The selected single crystals mounted in inert oil were transferred to the cold gas stream of the diffractometer. Diffraction data was collected at 100(2) K on the Oxford Diffraction Gemini A Ultra diffractometer with graphite-monochromated Mo-K radiation. Cell refinement, data collection, data reduction and analysis were performed with the CrysAlisPRO [13]. Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics was applied. The structure was solved in monoclinic space group P21/c by direct methods using the SHELXS program . It is worth noting here that the skew angle ÃŽ ² is very close to 90à ¢- ¦. Full-matrix least-squares refinement against F2 values was carried (SHELXL-97 and OLEX2. Table 1 Crystal data, data collection and refinement parameters for complex 1e. Complex 1e Empirical formula C38H51ClN2Ni Crystal size (mm) 0.07 Ãâ€" 0.07 Ãâ€" 0.40 M ·(g mol−1) 629.96 Crystal system Monoclinic Space group P21/c (no. 14) Z 4 F(0 0 0) 1352 Temperature (K) 100(2) Dcalc. (g cm−3) 1.251 Absorption coefficient (mm−1) 0.688 Radiation Mo-K ( = 0.71073A)ËÅ ¡ range (à ¢- ¦) 3.3–30.0 Index range −20 ≠¤ h ≠¤ 20; −13 ≠¤ k ≠¤ 13; −13 ≠¤ l ≠¤ 13 Reflections collected 37,962 Unique data 9684, Rint = 0.0355 Observed refl. [I > 2ÏÆ'(I)] 8195 Data/restraints/parameters 9684/17/415 Goodness-of-fit on F2 a 1.043 Results and discussion: Synthesis: The series of Ni(II) complexes 1a–d and 1f (Scheme 1) was prepared from nickelocene or 1,1’ bis(allyl)nickelocene and the suitable imidazolium salt. Complex 1e bearing the 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand could not be obtained by this route. Therefore, it was synthesized form the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl congener [4e] from [Ni(acac)2] by the one-pot two-step procedure intermediate {(5-1,3- R2C5H3)Ni(acac)} (Scheme 2). Scheme 1. Ni(II) complexes used in this study, where R = allyl (1d) or 1,1-dimethyl-but-3-en-1-yl (1e); Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl. Scheme 2. The synthesis of complex 1e, where R = 1,1-dimethyl-but-3-en-1-yl, Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl. From the symmetry of the molecule, it is found that the geometry of the molecule was trigonal planar. The bond angles and the lengths between nickel and its substituents are approximately same compared to the related compounds. Due to week contact between H(29A) hydrogen of mesityl methyl group C(29) and the chlorine ion [H(29A) ·Cl(1) 2.57 and C(29A) ·Cl(1) 3.5346(15)A] it resulted in the formation of a week intra molecular C H ·Cl hydrogen bond. 3.2. Polymerization: Polymerization was performed under the similar environment of the styrene polymerization with an excess of commercial MAO. A toluene solution of complex 1 was treated with an excess of MAO (Al:Ni = 100:1) for 30 min at ambient temperature. Then MMA (MMA:Ni = 1000:1) was added and the polymerization was run in a sealed Schlenk tube for 3 h at 50 à ¢- ¦C. The reaction mixture was separated as a homogenous mixture. Molecular structure of complex 1e. Polymerization of methyl methacrylate with complexes 1–3 and MAOa. The bromide analog 1b displayed slightly higher activity compared to 1a, while complex 1c bearing the alkyl-aryl NHC ligand was somewhat more productive than 1b in the productivity of the [Ni(Cp)(X)(NHC))]/MAO catalytic system. Substiuted cyclopentadienyl ligands was examined and complex 1d with allylcyclopentadienyl ligand gave the same result as 1a. It was reasoned that the allyl group might be too small to induce any effect. Therefore complex 1e with two bulky substituents was synthesized and tested to give the same conversion as 1d. By introducing the more bulky 2,6-diisopropylphenyl substituents in the NHC ligand (complex 1f) the yield of PMMA was 34% and when the excess of MAO was increased (Al:Ni = 300:1), the isolated yield of PMMA was increased to 60%. Changing the solvent resulted in a disappointing yield which was predicted to be due to the solubility problem. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the microstructure of PMMA. Syndiotactic-rich polymers were resulted toluene where atactic PMMA was obtained with hexane and this was because of the formation of MMA polymers via different mechanism in hexane and toluene. Isolated Methanol soluble oligomeric MMA were studied by MALDI-TOF MS which suggests more than one mechanism was operating the reaction. Scheme 3. Rationale for the formation of poly(methyl methacrylate) with [Ni(Cp)(X)(NHC)]/MAO. The structure of Ni complex had considerable effect on the overall yield of MMA with no influence on the molecular weight distribution or tacticity of the resulting polymer and the Al : Ni ratio do not effect the tacticity of the polymer. It was supposed that MMA polymerized by co ordinative anionic mechanism described in scheme 3. Conclusion: It can summarized that the complexes 1a-f and 2 can initiate polymerization of MMA in the presence of MAO with TOF up to 200h-1. The results of PMMA with GPC, NMR and MS imply a anionic, MAO-centered mechanism of polymerization catalyzed by Ni(II) species. References: 1. H. Martin in Ziegler Catalysis (Eds. G. Fink, R. Mà ¼lhaupt, H. H. Brintzinger), Springer  Verlag, Berlin, 1995, p 15. 2. G. Natta, P. Pino, G. Mazzanti, U. Giannini J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79 (1957) 2975. 3. A. Andresen, H.-G. Cordes, J. Herwig, W. Kaminsky, A. Merck, R. Mottweiler, J. Pein, H.  Sinn, H.-J. Vollmer Angew. Chem. 88 (1976) 689. 4. H. Sinn, W. Kaminsky, H.-J. Vollmer, R. Woldt Angew. Chem. 92 (1980) 396. 5. (a) H. Sinn, W. Kaminsky Adv. Organomet. Chem. 18 (1980) 99. (b) H. H. Brintzinger, D.  Fischer, R. Mà ¼lhaupt, B. Rieger, R. M. Waymouth Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 34  (1995) 1143 and references therein. (c) W. Kaminsky, Makromol. Chem. Phys. 197  (1996) 3907. (d) M. Bochmann, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 3 (1996) 255. (e) L.  Resconi, L. Cavallo, A. Fait, F. Piemontesi, Chem. Rev. 100 (2000) 1253. 6. (a) M. R. Kesti, G.W. Coates, R.M. Waymouth, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 (1992) 9679. (b) X.  Yang, C.L. Stern, T.J. Marks J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 (1994) 10015. (c) D.J. Crowther,  N.C. Baenziger, R.F. Jordan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 (1991) 1455. (d) P. Aaltonen, G.  Fink, B. Là ¶fgren, J. Seppà ¤là ¤, Macromolecules 29 (1996) 5255.

Finding Huck Essay -- essays research papers

In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, the main character enters a transitional period of his life. This character, Huck Finn, faces many situations forcing him to deal with decisions that carry with them the ability to bring about change. Huck begins searching for an identity which is truly his own. In determining his self image, Huck deals with society and freedom, trying on different identities that do not belong to him, and shaping these new found tributes into an identity which best suits his conscience. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn begins with Huck under the care of Widow Douglas as "she took me for her son, and allowed that she would civilize me; but it was rough living in the house all the time." Huck has become so used to being free that he sees the Widow Douglas' protection solely in terms of confinement. Huck finds this unacceptable because he loses his freedom among "the bars and shackles of civilization." Huck feels that he belongs out under the stars where the community cannot bound him. Huck then faces the return of his drunkard father. When Huck's father comes back to the town, he only intends to steal money from his son.; "I hain't heard nothing but about you being rich. That's why I come. You get me that money tomorrow-I want it." Huck's own father does not feel one bit inclined to treat his son with any respect. Then his father brings him to a log cabin deep in the woods and Huck once again faces confinement. Huck's escape, flig ht, and the changing of his identity are his only release from being in the log cabin. Then after escaping from it all, Huck is left with himself and his freedom. The raft on which Huck and Jim travel demonstrates one of the symbols of freedom in the story. To Huck, the raft seems to be the safest place that brings freedom on which he can grow and experience life. Later in the book when the duke and king enter the scene, the raft is no longer free. The king and the duke rob Huck and Jim of their isolation from society and the real world. The only way Huck can escape from the abuse of his father and society is to rid himself of his known identity. This leads to Huck's first confrontation with the trying on of different identities and the "death" of himsel... ...he story, Huck does not even think blacks are human, but throughout Huck and Jim's journey along the river together, Huck learns otherwise. At one point, Huck even "goes and humbles himself to a nigger" and another time he promises to keep the reason why Jim ran away a secret even though "people would call me a low-down Abolitionist and despise me for keeping mum." These are some of the many examples throughout the story that show us that Huck really cares for Jim and that he truly changes his views of blacks. Even though Huck knows that black people are not supposed to be respected, Huck cannot go against what he feels is right and gives Jim the respect that he deserves. Throughout this journey, Huck encounters many different situations in which he learns to adapt and react to each in a way that he feels suitable. Huck learns about life and the real world. He then gathers what he has learned and combines it into an identity which suits him. This enables him to create a conscience with which he finds himself comfortable. Huck finding himself really did cause a struggle considering all that he had to put up with in order to do so.

Responsibilities and rights of employees and employers Essay

Responsibilities and rights of employees and employers within own area.The law in UK covers the following aspects: Employment law is the body of law which governs the relationship between employers and their employees. A key component therefore of employment law is the employment rights which are bestowed upon both the employee and the employer. The aspects of employment covered by law are: Minimum wage, Hours worked, Discrimination, Health and safety, Holiday entitlements, Redundancy and dismissal, Training, Disciplinary procedures, Union rights and consultation, among many others. Labour law covers the deal between employee and employer. Health and safety laws cover the work conditions, and minimum wage and other laws set basic compensation levels.We also have the Disability Act, Manual Handling Operations and Regulations, Data Protection Act, The Medicine Act, General Social Care Council code 2001, RIDDOR 1995 and more. To protect the rights of employers and employees by providing rules and regulations that must be followed. Employment rights are numerous, but a few of them are likely to have a more significant impact throughout your time of employment. The National Minimum Wage is one of the most basic and most protected rights, establishing a minimum amount that employers must pay per hour to each of their employees. Employment law also makes allowances to prevent employees from being made to work too many hours, while allowing willing employees to work more hours if they wish. Other employment rules give employees rights in redundancy situations, and ensure that they can be free to take part in union activities. You may well have numerous other rights in your employment contract – for example, you may have been promised a greater holiday allowance than the amount allowed by law. Employment law also holds employers (and employees) responsible for living up to the terms established in the employment contract. Employment Law & Workers’ Rights These days, there is an enormous volume of legislation giving special rights and protections to employees in the UK. These employment rights are designed to ensure that all workers are treated equally, fairly and lawfully. Read more: Essay About  Statutory Responsibilities and Rights of Employees and Employers

How to Keep a Halloween Jack-o-Lantern from Rotting

How to Keep a Halloween Jack-o'-Lantern from Rotting Here is a fun, seasonal science fair project that examines various ways of keeping a carved pumpkin fresh. Can you determine the best way to keep a Halloween jack o lantern from rotting? Purpose The purpose of this project is to see whether or not treating a Halloween jack-o- lantern, or any carved pumpkin, will help keep it from rotting. Hypothesis The hypothesis (because its the easiest to disprove) is that treating a Halloween jack-o-lantern will not keep it from rotting any better than doing nothing at all (the control). Experiment Summary This is a great fall science fair project  since pumpkins are readily available from late summer through winter. You could conduct a similar project during the spring using another variety of produce. Since nothing lasts forever, a good timeframe for collecting data is 2 weeks. If all of your pumpkins rot before then, you may choose to end the data collection phase of this project sooner. Since temperature plays a part in the shelf life of a jack-o-lantern, its possible your pumpkins may last several weeks if kept in cool conditions. If this is the case, your project may run for a month. Keep the time and temperature in mind when planning your science project. Materials The main materials for this project are freshly carved jack-o-lanterns and various pumpkin preservatives. The most commonly applied preservatives are bleach solution, borax solution, petroleum jelly, hairspray, white glue, and commercial pumpkin preservative (if available). You can test any or all of these, plus more  if you can think of other preservatives. You will need pumpkins for every method you test, plus a control pumpkin, which will be carved, but untreated. Experimental Procedure Carve your jack-o-lanterns. It helps if you give them different faces so they are easy to tell apart. Try to scrape as much pumpkin goo as possible from the inside of the jack-o-lanterns so they will be easier to treat with chemicals.Leave your control pumpkin alone. Apply the treatments to the other pumpkins. Either photograph the pumpkins or write down your observations about the appearance of each jack-o-lantern. Pumpkin Treatments Bleach Solution - Mix up enough bleach in water (2 teaspoons bleach per gallon of water) to fill a bucket or tub big enough to submerge your pumpkin. Immediately after carving the pumpkin, soak it in the bleach solution for 8 hours or overnight. Drain the pumpkin and allow it to dry. Each day, spritz the outside and inside of the pumpkin with bleach solution.Borax Solution - Mix up a solution of borax in water (probably 1 teaspoon per gallon) and apply it the same way as you would use the bleach solution.Petroleum Jelly - Smear petroleum jelly (e.g., Vaseline) all over the cut surface of the pumpkin. Reapply once a day if necessary.White Glue - Smear non-toxic white school glue all over the carved pumpkin and allow it to dry.Hairspray - Spray the carved pumpkin, inside and outside, with hairspray. You can reapply the hairspray daily, or not, as you prefer.Commercial Pumpkin Preservative - Follow the instructions on the container.    You can use these methods of applying pumpkin treatments or else you can come up with your own ideas.Each day, take a photo of the pumpkin and describe its appearance. Is mold present or absent? Is there any shriveling? Is the pumpkin getting soft or smelly or showing any other indications of rotting?Continue collecting data until the pumpkins have rotted. Discard the rotten pumpkins. Data The data for this project will be your photographs and observations regarding the appearance of each pumpkin. Results Make a table that shows time in days and whether each pumpkin showed mold, shriveling, or rot. You can indicate the degree of each condition by assigning a numerical value to it, if you like (e.g., 0 no mold, 1 slight mold, 2 moderate mold, 3 totally moldy). Conclusions Was the hypothesis supported? Did the control pumpkin rot at the same time as all of the other pumpkins? Things to Think About If you want a more complex experiment, add temperature as a factor. This will require additional pumpkins. Leave one of each type of pumpkin at room temperature. Refrigerate one of each type of pumpkin or (since that would take a lot of space) leave one of each type of pumpkin in a hot environment.

Keep Going - An Interview With Two #1 Amazon Bestsellers

Keep Going - An Interview With Two #1 Amazon Bestsellers "Keep Going" - An Interview with #1 Amazon Bestsellers Mark Edwards and Louise Voss Success doesn’t happen overnight. It is often the result of hard work put in over the years. And Mark Edwards and Louise Voss’ success story tells us as much. They are known for being the first indie authors to ever reach #1 on Amazon.co.uk back in 2011. Now with Amazon Publishing, their latest book is From The Cradle (and the best one, they tell me). Their story begins much sooner, though. They have been through the ups and downs that characterize a writer’s life, but they have been through them together and always determined to keep going.Today, we have the pleasure of interviewing both of them. They share their whole story (not only the success part) and their advice for starting indie authors. They also debunk a metadata-myth, analyze why Amazon Publishing is so powerful and explain how to co-write a book using Dropbox.So sit down with a nice cup of tea/coffee, and hit play. Or alternatively, read through the whole transcript below (courtesy of the Reedsy team). REEDSY: Hi Mark and Louise, I’m really pleased to have you here. You are known for being the first indie authors to have reached the top of the charts on Amazon.co.uk, a few years ago, with two books that you had co-written. But your collaboration started long before that, right Louise?LOUISE: Sure, it’s a good story, though it can make me sound a bit like a stalker. It started years ago, around 1998-99, and Mark was on this TV documentary about â€Å"wannabe writers†. I was in the exact same situation as him: I had an agent but she wasn’t very enthusiastic. We were both getting lots of rejections but they were really positive rejections. So I just sent him a little email via his agent, basically saying â€Å"I really liked your interview†.He wrote back, and we started corresponding via email about books and writing for around 18 months before we finally met in person. And then we thought: rather than just critiquing each other’s stuff, why d on’t we write something together? That’s when we started writing Killing Cupid. We did it all by email, because at that time Mark was in Japan.MARK: Yes, I was in Tokyo, and Louise was in London. We wrote an entire novel without even speaking to each other, literally. This was back in 2001, and Killing Cupid was optioned by the BBC but we didn’t manage to get a publishing deal for it.Then, a few years after, I came back from Japan and we decided to write another one together: Catch Your Death. Back then, however, we didn’t have an agent, we still couldn’t get a publisher, we were really back to square one, so we pretty much gave up at that point, didn’t we?LOUISE: Yes, I think the problem with Killing Cupid was a genre one. When we sent it to publishers, they said â€Å"well, it’s not really enough of a thriller to be a thriller; and it’s a comedy as well, we don’t know what to do with it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And that’s why we decided to write Catch Your Death, because that was unquestionably a thriller.MARK: Yes, so we both more or less gave up. I came back to the UK, got a good job, and thought: it’s really not worth the pain of trying to find a publishing deal.Then, 2010 when was I first heard about KDP. And I got a Kindle for my 40th birthday. So I said to Louise: why don’t we take our two old novels, spruce them up a bit, self-publish them and see what happens? And she was very reluctant.LOUISE: Yes, I thought â€Å"oh, no, it will be humiliating, we’ll sell 4 copies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ MARK: So we spent a few months rewriting and reworking them, because they were really out of date. There were no mobile phones, social media, etc.We put Killing Cupid out in February 2011, and as Louise predicted we sold around 4 copies on our first day, to people that we knew†¦ But then I became completely obsessed about trying to sell it. I had a full-time job, my girlfriend was pregnant, and she still talks about how I neglected her during that time! And Louise did promotion stuff too.LOUISE: Yes, we had a list of all the bloggers that accepted unpublished books - there weren’t that many of them but we put together this list and divided it up. Mark started at A and I started at Z and we worked our way to the middle, contacting all of them. It was a lot of work.REEDSY: And Mark, you did a very good job on the metadata too, right? I read about it on Joanna Penn’s blog, but maybe you can tell us what in your metadata helped make your book successful?MARK: Yes, we used subtitles. On Killing Cupid, I think it was pretty simple: â€Å"Killing Cupid, a psychological thriller†: nothing fancy, really. But we kept rewriting the blurb (book description). Back then, you used to be able to see what percentage of people who viewed your book had bought it, which was fantastic, you could see your conversion rate from browser to reader. So I kept looking at th e books in the top 10, especially the self-published thrillers and the ones that had the highest conversion rates, and tried to figure out what it was about those books that incited more people to buy them after they looked at them.So I was continually tweaking the description and I think that at one point I got it right, because it suddenly doubled our sales in just an hour. I had made the description shorter, more straightforward about the book while also making it sound more intriguing.We did something much more interesting for the second book, Catch Your Death. We called it: â€Å"Catch Your Death (For fans of Dan Brown Stieg Larsson)†. This quickly became a controversial point, with people starting to talk about it in The Bookseller magazine.But I actually believe, to this day, that it didn’t make any difference to the sales, because I think we put off as many people as we attracted. If you searched for Dan Brown at the time (and I did it quite a few times), our book didn’t come up, not even on page 30. It didn’t make any difference to the search results.What really made a difference, and this is a lesson for all indie authors, is that we were patient and hardworking in building a readership. We hand-sold every copy of Killing Cupid in the first 3-4 months: every single sale was hard work. And as we did that, we built a momentum and started climbing up the charts, which made our book more visible. And because it was good, word-of-mouth really worked in our advantage and more people started to buy it.We released Catch Your Death around 3-4 months after Killing Cupid, as Killing Cupid was climbing into the top 100. And Amazon then sent out an email advertising Catch Your Death to all the people who had previously purchased Killing Cupid.And it was the day that this email went out - even though we only realized this quite a long time afterwards - that more and more readers started buying both books and we shot up into the top 1 0. A couple of days later, Amazon removed the Dan Brown subtitle, and it didn’t make any difference at all.So there was a lot of hype about our metadata at that time, but I really don’t think it made any difference in the end. It was all about slowly building that readership.REEDSY: I think that’s a great lesson indeed for indie authors. But if we go back to the writing process, Louise, how does that technically work? What tools do you use: Google Drive, Dropbox, †¦?LOUISE: Dropbox, we have everything in Dropbox. It works really well for us, you can see the last things people have worked on and when. Though sometimes it happened that we were both working on the same document at the same time, so when we saved it created conflicted copies, which are a nightmare to sort out. But we don’t do that so much now, we’ve got better at it.We also email a lot, and text, when it’s particularly urgent, but we don’t actually talk that much, un less there is a problem, or in the beginning and the end, when there are things to figure out.MARK: For Dropbox, we have a â€Å"master document† - we do it all in Word - and we write separate chapters in separate Word documents, save them into Dropbox for the other person to make comments. The original author then goes back to that chapter to amend it and when we’re both happy with it we add it to the master document!We also have other Word documents and spreadsheets for our chapter plans. I think that, ideally, we’d use Scrivener, because that’s what we both write on for our solo novels, but you can’t really use it for collaborative work, as far as I’ve been able to work out.REEDSY: Now, with the success of Killing Cupid and Catch Your Death, you were prompted to partner with an agent, who got you into traditional publishing. How was that experience?LOUISE: It’s quite ironic, because we spent years trying to get a publishing deal for both books. But we didn’t have an agent at all until we were #1 on Amazon. I was talking with an author friend of mine and he suggested me to contact his agent. I said â€Å"well, he turned us down a few years ago so I don’t think he’ll be interested†. He answered â€Å"oh, it’s different now, you’re #1†. So we contacted his agent and he quickly got us a deal with HarperCollins, which was fantastic! I don’t regret it, really, because it was just so lovely to finally have this public validation through a traditional publishing deal, and the idea to have our books in shops, the advance, etc.I often wonder, with the benefit of hindsight, whether we would do it differently if we had to do it again, and I don’t think we would change much, other than to get more involved in the marketing and publicity of these traditionally published books. We were thinking that the publisher would do most of the marketing and promotion, a nd it didn’t happen. So I think our mistake wasn’t taking the deal, it was not pushing the books as much as we had when we were self-publishing.MARK: Louise literally just took the words out of my mouth. I definitely don’t regret it either, it was â€Å"a dream come true†. Louise had already had a traditional publishing deal in the past, but for me it was something I’d wanted for years.LOUISE: Yes, I guess I was a bit more cynical about it, because I already had had an experience with a publisher who dropped me after not promoting the books - and that was back in the day when you could do little yourself. But I still don’t regret it, we had a lovely editor, who did an excellent editorial work, really improving the books. It’s just that not many people got to see them.MARK: Yes, that was the frustrating thing. What happened is that after the first and second books didn’t do as well as they hoped, the third and fourth ones were pretty much dead in the water.LOUISE: It basically took the exact same trajectory as my first publishing deal: sales got smaller and smaller and the publisher’s interest got smaller and smaller. Also, one thing to take into account is that two of the four books had already been self-published before and picked up by a lot of people. So I think that didn’t help us as much as we thought it would.MARK: That was the problem, really. Catch Your Death and Killing Cupid came out a year after we first self-published them, which means the sequel to Catch Your Death came a year and a half after the first book, and by then, everyone had lost interest. And it wasn’t pushed at all, it wasn’t in any shops, it had no visibility.I actually think that we were a little bit like guinea pigs, because we were the first â€Å"indies† to go through that process over here in the UK. The publishers learned from what happened with us for some of the following indie success stories that they picked up.REEDSY: So you were with a publisher that didn’t do as much as you hoped on the marketing side of things. But now you’re with Amazon, right? Which is almost the opposite.MARK: Yes, but there is a stage in between. In January 2013, we were in a dark place. We’d had a very disappointing 2012 with the two paperbacks, and when the third one came out in January it just disappeared without a trace. Literally without trace, it left nothing.I had gambled by quitting my job to be a full-time writer, and I was in a very difficult financial position, with massive tax and credit card bills, plus my wife and I had another baby on the way. So I really was in a state of constant panic, thinking â€Å"what am I going to do?† I can laugh about it now, but it was terrible at that time. Every now and again I think â€Å"I can’t believe I managed to get myself out of that dark pit that I was in†.I remember Louise and I had this meeti ng with our agent in London and he - now, he would probably deny it - but he had lost a bit of interest in us as well. But we were determined to make it work so we decided we would not give up, and start a new series of books instead.Now, I had this book â€Å"The Magpies† that I had had sitting in my bottom drawer for years, and I’d been tinkering with it, on and off. Louise said: â€Å"why don’t you just do it, just self-publish it?† So I went home that day, read through it, and thought â€Å"actually, this is quite good†. So I self-published The Magpies via my agent (it’s called â€Å"agent-assisted self-publishing†) and it basically completely transformed everything, because The Magpies ended up selling (in its self-published version) 170,000 copies. It simply changed my life, and it’s what led to the deal with Amazon.Amazon Publishing bought the rights for it and for another solo novel from me. And when Louise and I fini shed our new co-written one, it did go out in submission to various publishers, but Amazon pre-empted it and our commissioning editor there read it in a few days. They made an offer, and because I’d had such a great experience with them already, Louise thought: â€Å"why not?†Everything so far with Amazon Publishing has been fantastic. I mean, I’d like to sell more books in the US, but in the UK it couldn’t have gone any better I think.REEDSY: Yes, and we actually interviewed another Amazon-published author, Bob Mayer, a few weeks ago who highlighted the â€Å"marketing reach† of Amazon publishing imprints. What does that mean exactly? What do these imprints do in terms of marketing that makes it worth it signing away royalties to them?MARK: Well, they’ve got the most amazing database in the world. They’ve got anyone who has ever bought anything, including anyone who has ever read a psychological thriller! That’s what sets them apart from all the other publishers. Plus, they’ve got the platform of their website, and they also do a lot of on-device marketing. So if you’ve got a Kindle Fire, you’ll see that whenever you turn it on, an advert will appear on the home screen, and they rotate, but they’re often books.That visibility that you get with Amazon publishing is just fantastic. The restriction of being with them is that you’re pretty much only on the Amazon platform, although they do print books and they are making efforts to get them into the shops. But they’re not on any of the other digital stores, so you’re in kind of a walled garden, like a luxury gated development!When somebody from a big publisher said to us: â€Å"well, wouldn’t you rather be with a traditional publisher and have your books in the shops?†, my answer was that that all sounds great, but when we did have that opportunity, our books were barely in the shops anyway†¦REEDSY: So, do you now still produce some marketing effort yourselves or is it all Amazon?LOUISE: We’ve worked very hard on building up our Facebook page. It’s not like we have tens of thousands of followers, but the ones we do have are so loyal that it’s really helping us get the word of mouth thing going, which is the holy grail of marketing anyway. But we still do work very hard, especially when we do online launches.REEDSY: To finish on an encouraging note for other authors out there: you’ve been through everything, both of you, in a writer’s career; the ups, the downs, so what would be your advice for an author who’d be in a â€Å"dark year† like you had in 2012?MARK: I think it’s certainly nurturing your existing fans and readers. That is what goes through in our Facebook group, where we have really loyal readers as Louise pointed out. They were really really helpful and acting as cheerleaders to keep us going. And then when we did start selling well, they were there and helped spread the word.REEDSY: And Louise, what would be your advice?LOUISE: Keep going!We lost the rest of Louise’s advice due to recording problems, but feel free to ask her (or Mark) anything in the comments below!Sharing is caring, so here are our Twitter handles: @ReedsyHQ, @mredwards and @LouiseVoss1

The Alliance between General Motors and PSU Peugeot Citroen Essay

The Alliance between General Motors and PSU Peugeot Citroen - Essay Example This paper illustrates that competition is forcing rival firms to join hands for developing a better position in the market and also enhance their resource base. The number of alliances, partnerships, ventures, and mergers have increased in the last decade in the corporate sector. However, Hoffmann mentioned that creating alliances is a complex process which can also result in negative outcomes if the allies do not measure the variables of the process in a proper manner. General Motors and PSU Peugeot Citroen have created a customized approach for following up with their alliance plan and created a separate committee for members by selecting key personnel of both the organizations to manage the alliance activities. The researcher is a member of the committee and hence will reflect on the plans and activities being performed within the alliance.The alliance between General Motors and PSU Peugeot Citroen was formed mainly with the view of developing a better resource base for the opera tions of both the companies on the global scale. The strategic alliance between the companies is expected to build their organizational capabilities in response to the challenges faced by the firms in the global marketplace. One of the most crucial considerations which urge firms to engage in mergers and alliances is to reduce the cost of operations. The organizational processes related to the formation of an alliance are structured by the top management of the companies. In the case of GM and PSU Peugeot Citroen, Weinmann and Thomas mentioned that this alliance will lead to the union of the American and European automobile industry and enhance the scope of a production process for the firms as well as will create more options for the customers in all the marketing zones of the concerned organizations. In the context of specific objectives, GM is focused on designing new and innovative production process whereas PSU Peugeot Citroen will utilize the market base of GM for entering the major markets of Asia and America.   The planning stage of the alliance as reported in various media means has highlighted that organizational needs of the allies have been accurately shared and balanced by the firms. This has reduced the liability of the allies and also boosted the level of trust among the partners.  

Exploring the factors influencing Consumer on choosing iphone in the Essay

Exploring the factors influencing Consumer on choosing iphone in the mobile phone market(Marketing ) - Essay Example Smartphone are in fashion and the iPhone is the most dominating handset throughout. In fourth quarter of 2008, a sale of 305 million was recorded in global mobile market while Compound Annual Growth Rate from 2009 to 2012 is expected to be 12.3%. At present, Apple holds 32 percent of the aggregate mobile phone industry profit globally. Windows mobile are very popular these days. Kirk illustrated a research that by 2012, almost 37.4 % of the Smartphone market will be captured by Operating System of Nokia Symbian, while Android will hold around 18% of the Smartphone market. Operating System of Blackberry will own around 13.9% and the Operating System of the iPhone will own 13.6% of the Smartphone market (2009). Popularity of the iPhone has been increasing day by day. Another research from the Wall Street Journal reveals that the market share of Apple’s Smartphone significantly fell down to 16.6% in the fourth quarter of 2009 from 18.1% in the third quarter of 2009, though sales grew with almost 18% from third quarter to the fourth quarter of the year 2009 while in the fourth quarter of 2008, Apple experienced a growth from 10.8% to around 16.4% in 2009 in market share (Marsal, 2010).   There is a great influence over the Smartphone industry of the iPhone (Sheth, N. 2010).  However, Apple holds a significant role in Smartphone industry (Evans, J. 2010). Apple has been coming up with numerous competitive products like multitouch ipads etc. Marketing side of Apple is very strong and still, it is expected that Apple will be selling around two million ipads in the current year and is expected to sell almost six million ipads in the coming year 2011. This could be the reason behind Investors’ trust in Apple (Hughes, 2010).   A latest mobile model experiences good time till the new model is released by the company. People crazily start buying latest versions of their